Introduction The idea of justice, once confined to human interactions, is now steadily widening its horizon to include the non-human world. In India, this philosophical shift has found resonance within constitutional and judicial thought, giving rise to what can be called “the expanding circle of justice.” As societies evolve, so do their moral and legal understandings of what it...
ABSTRACT The rise of Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) in contemporary armed conflicts presents a significant challenge to the application and enforcement of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Traditionally, IHL has been designed to regulate the conduct of war between sovereign states. However, with the increasing prevalence of asymmetric warfare, internal armed conflicts, and transnational insurgencies, the role of NSAGs in...
One of the most complex intersections between religious beliefs and constitutional rights is exemplified by the controversy surrounding India’s Uniform Civil Code (UCC). The goal of the UCC, which is envisioned under Article 44 of the Directive Principles of State Policy, is to establish a uniform legal framework that governs marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption for all citizens equally,...
Why This Amendment Matters? India’s Constitution has been described as a living document—one that adapts to the evolving demands of governance and democracy. The 130th Constitutional Amendment Bill, 2025, is a clear example of this adaptability. By focusing on accountability at the highest levels of public office, the Bill aims to ensure that those entrusted with power exercise it...
Navigating the legal system can feel overwhelming, especially if you are facing a dispute, an arrest, or a sensitive family matter. In such situations, the first step to protecting yourself is knowing your legal rights. Unfortunately, many people only learn about these rights when it is too late, leaving them vulnerable to exploitation or unfair treatment. At Sandhu Law...